5/16/2023 0 Comments Metasequoia 2.3 4 download![]() Until now, the biological activities of M. It has feathery leaves and conical reddish-brown fruits. glyptostroboides is a deciduous coniferous tree belonging to the Cupressaceae family, distributed in many regions such as Europe, East Asia, and North America. Among the many natural products tested, the extract of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu & Cheng fruits showed good inhibitory activity against Aβ aggregation. Previously, our lab has searched for various natural products, which can inhibit the production of Aβ and the subsequent aggregation to oligomers and fibrils. Therefore, the experts mentioned that the prevention of AD could be the best treatment. ĭespite the efforts to discover the mechanisms of AD pathology, the exact causes of AD are not elucidated, nor are there suitable treatments available. Among them, the accumulation of Aβ protein into senile plaques is reported to impair cognitive function by disrupting the endoplasmic reticulum, insulin signaling, and mitochondrial functions, which are key signaling systems in cells. Although the pathologic mechanisms of AD are not clearly elucidated, the pathologic hallmarks of AD are considered as the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) proteins in the form of senile plaques, the entanglement of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in the form of neurofibrillary tangles, and loss of specific neurons. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which accounts for 60–70% of dementia in the elderly, is one type of neurodegenerative disease, and the representative symptom of AD is cognitive decline. ![]() It is predicted that 1 out of 85 people will develop dementia by the year 2050. glyptostroboides and isolated five compounds have a potential for further study to be developed as anti-AD agents.Īs the proportion of the elderly population increases, dementia, which exhibits various cognitive impairments, becomes an important social and economic problem. Among the five compounds, sandaracopimarinol ( 4) and sandaracopimaradien-19-ol ( 5) were the most effective. Furthermore, the inhibition of Aβ aggregation by the compounds protected PC12 cells from Aβ aggregate-induced toxicity. All the compounds significantly reduced the aggregation of Aβ and enhanced the disaggregation of pre-formed Aβ aggregates in a dose-dependent manner. As a result, five compounds were isolated and elucidated as taxoquinone ( 1), sugiol ( 2), suginal ( 3), sandaracopimarinol ( 4), and sandaracopimaradien-19-ol ( 5) by comparing NMR data with references. The solvent-partitioned ethyl acetate layer was further separated based on the bioassay-guided isolation method combined with the ThT assay. The ethanol extract of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu & Cheng fruits (Cupressaceae) significantly reduced the aggregation of Aβ into oligomers and fibrils determined by Thioflavin T (ThT) assay. Thus, the purpose of this study is to find natural products that can reduce Aβ accumulation. The accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ), along with oxidative stress-inducing neurocellular apoptosis, has been considered one of the causes of AD. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative brain disease that interferes with daily life.
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